{"id":462299,"date":"2016-02-19T17:33:14","date_gmt":"2016-02-19T17:33:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/?post_type=expert&#038;p=462299"},"modified":"2022-08-12T13:26:14","modified_gmt":"2022-08-12T13:26:14","slug":"%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%b2%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d9%86%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"expert","link":"https:\/\/mecouncil-afkar.fuegodigitalmedia.qa\/ar\/expert\/%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%b2%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d9%86%d9%8a\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0633\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"x_MsoNormal\">\u0633\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/brookings.alley.test\/\u061f program-landing = foreign-policy\" target=\"_ blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-auth=\" NotApplicable \" data-ogsc=\" \"> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 <\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0632 \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0634\u063a\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0632 \u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0635\u0648\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062f\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0633 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. &lt;\/ p&gt;<\/p>\n<p class=\"x_MsoNormal\">\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u064a\u0633. \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 ExxonMobil \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629. &lt;\/ p&gt;<\/p>\n<p class=\"x_MsoNormal\">\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646: &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/brookings.alley.test\/book\/the-iranian-revolution-at-forty\/\" target=\" _blank \" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-auth=\" NotApplicable \" data-ogsc=\" \"> \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f 40 <\/a>\u201d (\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0632 \u060c 2020) \u061b \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Irans-Political-Economy-since-Revolution\/dp\/0521738148\" target=\" _ blank \" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-auth=\" NotApplicable \" data-=\"\"> \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 <\/a> \u201d(Cambridge University Press\u060c 2015)\u061b \u0648 &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Irans-Long-Reach-Pivotal-Muslim\/dp\/160127033X\" target=\" _ blank \" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-auth=\" NotApplicable \"> Long Reach <\/a> \u201d(\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u060c 2008). \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0632 \u0648\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u064a\u062a \u062c\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0632. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2004 \u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0628\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0632\u0628\u064a\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062c\u0646\u0633\u0643\u064a \u0648\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a \u062c\u064a\u062a\u0633. &lt;\/ p&gt;<\/p>\n<p class=\"x_MsoNormal\">\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0633 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 1979. &lt;\/ p&gt;<br \/>\n<strong> \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a: &lt;\/ strong&gt;<br \/>\n\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0647\u0648\u0628\u0643\u0646\u0632 \/ SAIS \u060c \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":462300,"template":"","class_list":["post-462299","expert","type-expert","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","entry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil-afkar.fuegodigitalmedia.qa\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/expert\/462299","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil-afkar.fuegodigitalmedia.qa\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/expert"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil-afkar.fuegodigitalmedia.qa\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/expert"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil-afkar.fuegodigitalmedia.qa\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/462300"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil-afkar.fuegodigitalmedia.qa\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=462299"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}