{"id":462145,"date":"2016-06-24T16:57:03","date_gmt":"2016-06-24T16:57:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/?post_type=expert&#038;p=462145"},"modified":"2022-08-12T10:00:06","modified_gmt":"2022-08-12T10:00:06","slug":"%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d9%83%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%83%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"expert","link":"https:\/\/mecouncil-afkar.fuegodigitalmedia.qa\/ar\/expert\/%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d9%83%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%83%d9%8a\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0643\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0634\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/brookings.alley.test\/center-landing\/center-on-the-united-states-and-europe\/\" target=\"_ blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 <\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/brookings.alley.test\/project-landing\/the-turkey-project\/\" target=\"_ blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 <\/a> \u0641\u064a Brookings \u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2013 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020 \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a T\u00dcS\u0130AD \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f Brookings \u0648\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627. Beam \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/brookings.alley.test\/blog\/order-from-chaos\/\"> Order from Chaos <\/a> \u0641\u064a Brookings.<br \/>\n\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u060c &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/brookings.alley.test\/book\/turkey-and-the-west\/\"> \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628: \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0628 <\/a>&#8221; \u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2017. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/brookings.alley.test\/book\/the-consequences-of-chaos\/\" target=\" _ blank \" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 <\/a>&#8221; (\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0632 \u060c \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2016) \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0646\u0627\u0632\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<br \/>\n\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0632 \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0634\u064a \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u0633\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0634\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646.<br \/>\n\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 &#8220;<a href=\" https: \/\/brookings.alley.test\/research\/how-the-eu-and-turkey-can-promote-self-reliance-for-syrian-refugees-through-agricultural- trade \/ \"> \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 <\/a>&#8221; (\u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2020) \u060c &#8220;<a href=\" https: \/\/brookings.alley.test\/research\/the- \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \/ \"> \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 <\/a>&#8221; (\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u062a \u060c \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2019) \u0648 &#8220;<a href=\" https: \/\/brookings.alley.test\/research\/an-ambiguous-partnership-the-serpentine-trajectory-of-turkish-russian-relations-in-the- \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0631\u062f\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \/ \"> \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0623\u0631\u062f\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 <\/a>&#8221; (\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2017). \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0632 <a href=\"https: \/\/brookings.alley.test\/research\/turkey-and-the-transatlantic-trade-and-investment-partnership-boosting-the-model-partnership-with-the -united-States \/ \">&#8221; \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633\u064a: \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 &#8220;<\/a> (\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0632 \u060c \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2013).<br \/>\n\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0634\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 &#8220;\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629&#8221; 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Linden et al \u061b Lynne Reinner \u060c 2011) \u060c &#8220;Land of Diverse Migrations: Challenges of Emigration and Immigration in Turkey &#8220;(\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0639 A. In World Politics: An Emerging Multi-Regional Power &#8220;(\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0639 B. 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